INTRODUCTION
The Smart Cloth wearable device represents an advanced, continuous health monitoring system designed to improve diagnostic and therapeutic healthcare. Utilizing modern technology, this device offers reliability and stability in medical devices. It senses five key health parameters: Temperature, Pulse, Glucose, Alcohol or Gas detection, and ECG Signal, and includes an actuator for back pain relief through a massager. To enhance the device's efficiency, integrated alert systems such as buzzers, LED indicators, SMS notifications, calls, and software indications are employed. The Smart Cloth supports both online and offline communication modes, ensuring data transfer stability and security through a dual network connection protocol.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The Smart Cloth is developed using microcontrollers in a master-slave configuration to ensure continuous data acquisition and web streaming. The primary microcontrollers used are the ATMEGA328P and the ESP32-WROOM. The ATMEGA328P handles the collection and processing of biological data, while the ESP32 manages local visualization and online streaming. For location-based services, SMS, and voice calls, a GSM module is incorporated.
Microcontrollers and Their Roles
- ATMEGA328P: This microcontroller collects biological data and processes it. Sensors connected to the ATMEGA328P include those for temperature, pulse rate, glucose levels, and gas detection. It also controls actuators like the back relief massager and LEDs.
- ESP-32 WROOM: Serving as the IoT module, the ESP-32 facilitates Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity. It handles data visualization on local and online dashboards and supports real-time monitoring and communication through a Node.js server.
Connections and Techniques The microcontrollers communicate via serial ports, with sensors connected to analog pins for accuracy. Actuators and communication channels use digital pins.
SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
Hardware Programming Microcontroller programming involves handling data acquisition and communication between the ATMEGA328P and the ESP-32. The ESP-32 programming includes Wi-Fi and Bluetooth drivers, file storage, web server protocols, and JSON formatting for REST APIs.
Servers and Web Programming Two servers are developed: a local server within the ESP-32 access point and an online Node.js server. These servers manage biological data streaming, real-time chat, drug scheduling, and report generation. The architecture ensures secure and efficient data transfer and user interaction.
LITERATURE SURVEY
A review of relevant literature highlights advancements in wearable health monitoring systems, such as the VMOTE-II and VMote systems, which provide real-time monitoring of vital signs. Other studies focus on integrating IoT with wearable devices for healthcare, demonstrating the potential to enhance patient care and reduce healthcare costs.
V. PROPOSED SYSTEM AND SMART CLOTH DESIGN
A. Proposed System The system integrates hardware and software to monitor health continuously, predict issues, and alert users and responsible parties via GSM module notifications and online server updates. The device senses biological signals and environmental air quality, with data visualized on both local and online dashboards.
B. Design of Smart Cloth The Smart Cloth is designed to be water-resistant, lightweight, and comfortable. Sensors are strategically placed in regions with minimal movement to ensure accurate readings. The cloth material includes nylon, polyester, and cotton for moisture absorption.
METHODOLOGY OF SMART CLOTH
A. Device Setup and Algorithm Upon powering on, the device initializes ports, activates the access point, and connects to Wi-Fi. Data is streamed online, and users can interact with the system via a web browser.
B. Biological Data Acquisition Process Sensors continuously collect data, which is processed and transmitted in JSON format from the ATMEGA328P to the ESP-32. The acquisition system ensures accurate and timely data collection.
VII. HARDWARE AND SPECIFICATIONS
A. Temperature Sensor A thermistor measures temperature based on the voltage divider circuit principle.
B. Pulse Rate Sensor A pulse sensor monitors heart rate using optical reflection, powered by 5V.
C. Glucose Monitoring Sensor The TCRT5000 IR sensor uses NIR spectrometry for non-invasive glucose monitoring.
D. Air Detection Sensor The MQ-5 gas sensor detects alcohol and other gases, providing real-time air quality data.
E. ECG Amplifier An ECG amplifier captures ECG signals using an instrumentation amplifier, filters, and lead 2 electrode system.
F. Digital Stethoscope with Bluetooth A digital stethoscope transmits audio signals via Bluetooth for remote patient analysis.
G. Pain Relief Massager A stepper motor controls the speed and direction of the back pain reliever.
H. Alert System and Components Buzzer, LEDs, speaker, and software notifications provide alerts for critical conditions.
I. Power Supply Unit The system uses batteries for mobility, with voltage regulation to ensure proper power distribution.
J. Voltage Regulation Unit Voltage regulators ensure components receive the correct voltage for stable operation.
